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Last update: May 2021

SMS - Source and sink Metabolism and Stress responses

Site currently being updated

Crop production is currently undergoing major changes, with new challenges associated with a sustainable vision of agriculture. The agro-ecological transition aims to secure crop production and yield while protecting the environment (biodiversity, reduction of chemical inputs). Thus, new agricultural practices are to be used such as advantageous combinations of species and/or varieties, or crops that are more resilient to environmental constraints related to climate change and sustainable development. This implies identifying adapted traits at different scales (metabolism to architecture) so as to avoid or decrease chemical inputs and coping with new biotic and abiotic environmental features. This encompasses new methods to keep seed quality and protection high without pesticides. Addressing these challenges involves a multi-level strategy, ranging from biochemical aspects (metabolism optimisation) to field plot design. In fact, to provide keys to select the most resilient varieties adapted to new practices, determine the best technical itineraries (e.g. fertilization) or choose the best servicing plants (most advantageous species associations), it is essential to link agro-ecological traits to their molecular context.

The team SMS (IRHS, Angers) brings together geneticists, physiologists and biochemists, providing an specific range of skills (QTL and GWAS analyses, metabolomics, fluxomics, fluorescent microscopy, ROS metabolism, nitrate assimilation and signaling, mitochondrial biology and energy metabolism) and involves multidisciplinary and multiscale approaches to disentangle mechanisms of seedling emergence and plant establishment under environmental constraints. Key physiological actors and genetic determinants of seedling development and vigour are searched by exploring genetic diversity and functional genomics (from transcriptomics to fluxomics). Environmental factors considered encompass temperature, soil water content, nitrogen availability, and microorganisms such as seed pathogens, seedling rhizosphere and microbiotes. The main plant models are Legumes and Arabidopsis. Considering the skills of SMS members, special emphasis is given on metabolism. The ultimate aim is to find avenues to improve seedling performance that can be implemented by professional agricultural actors.